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Waves

Grade Level:
8
Subject:
Science
Goal Summary:
What are the characteristic properties of waves (and how can they be used)?
- a simple model for waves that includes how the amplitude of a wave is related to the energy in a wave.
- waves are reflected, absorbed, or transmitted through various materials.
- support the claim that digitized signals are a more reliable way to encode and transmit information than analog signals.
Standards Met:
IDs Only
Detail
Essential Questions:
What are the characteristic properties of waves?
How can they be used?
How does the movement of energy waves compare to the movement of matter?
Understandings:
- a simple model for waves that includes how the amplitude of a wave is related to the energy in a wave.
- waves are reflected, absorbed, or transmitted through various materials.
- support the claim that digitized signals are a more reliable way to encode and transmit information than analog signals.
Content Goals:
SWU: There are 2 basic types of waves - waves that depend on the motion of matter and waves that do not depend on the motion of matter.
Vocabulary - Energy wave, mechanical wave

PS4.A: Wave Properties
A simple wave has a repeating pattern with a specific wavelength, frequency, and amplitude. (MS-PS4-1)
Vocabulary - wavelength, frequency, amplitude,
A sound wave needs a medium through which it is transmitted. (MS-PS4-2)
Vocabulary - medium, transmit

PS4.B: Electromagnetic Radiation
When light shines on an object, it is reflected, absorbed, or transmitted through the object, depending on the object’s material and the frequency (color) of the light. (MS-PS4-2)
Vocabulary- reflected, absorbed, transmitted, refraction, vacuum
The path that light travels can be traced as straight lines, except at surfaces between different transparent materials (e.g., air and water, air and glass) where the light path bends. (MS-PS4-2)
Vocabulary - transparent, translucent, opaque, ray, radiant energy, electromagnetic spectrum, photon
A wave model of light is useful for explaining brightness, color, and the frequency-dependent bending of light at a surface between media. (MS-PS4-2)
However, because light can travel through space, it cannot be a matter wave, like sound or water waves. (MS-PS4-2)

PS4.C: Information Technologies and Instrumentation
Digitized signals (sent as wave pulses) are a more reliable way to encode and transmit information. (MS-PS4-3)
Skill Goals:
1.Use mathematical representations to describe a simple model for waves that includes how the amplitude of a wave is related to the energy in a wave. [Clarification Statement: Emphasis is on describing waves with both qualitative and quantitative thinking.] [Assessment Boundary: Assessment does not include electromagnetic waves and is limited to standard repeating waves.]
2. Develop and use a model to describe that waves are reflected, absorbed, or transmitted through various materials. [Clarification Statement: Emphasis is on both light and mechanical waves. Examples of models could include drawings, simulations, and written descriptions.] [Assessment Boundary: Assessment is limited to qualitative applications pertaining to light and mechanical waves.]
3. Integrate qualitative scientific and technical information to support the claim that digitized signals are a more reliable way to encode and transmit information than analog signals. [Clarification Statement: Emphasis is on a basic understanding that waves can be used for communication purposes. Examples could include using fiber optic cable to transmit light pulses, radio wave pulses in wifi devices, and conversion of stored binary patterns to make sound or text on a computer screen.] [Assessment Boundary: Assessment does not include binary counting. Assessment does not include the specific mechanism of any given device.]

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